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Financial Terms | |
Over-the-counter market (OTC) |
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Definition of Over-the-counter market (OTC)Over-the-counter market (OTC)A decentralized market (as opposed to an exchange market) where
Related Terms:Accelerated cost recovery system (ACRS)Schedule of depreciation rates allowed for tax purposes. Accounts receivable turnoverThe ratio of net credit sales to average accounts receivable, a measure of how accounts receivable turnover ratioA ratio computed by dividing annual applied overheadthe amount of overhead that has been assigned to Work in Process Inventory as a result of productive activity; credits for this amount are to an overhead account Asset CoverageExtent to which a company's net assets cover a particular debt obligation, class of preferred stock, or equity position. Asset-coverage testA bond indenture restriction that permits additional borrowing on if the ratio of assets to Asset turnoverThe ratio of net sales to total assets. ![]() asset turnovera ratio measuring asset productivity and showing the number of sales dollars generated by each dollar of assets asset turnover ratioA broad-gauge ratio computed by dividing annual Auction marketsmarkets in which the prevailing price is determined through the free interaction of Bank overdraftMoney owed to the bank in a cheque account where payments exceed receipts. Bear marketAny market in which prices are in a declining trend. bear marketA market in which stock or bond prices are generally Bear MarketA prolonged period of falling stock market prices. Black marketAn illegal market. Brokered marketA market where an intermediary offers search services to buyers and sellers. Bull marketAny market in which prices are in an upward trend. bull marketA market in which stock or bond prices are generally rising. Bull MarketA prolonged period of rising stock market prices. Bulldog marketThe foreign market in the United Kingdom. Capital marketThe market for trading long-term debt instruments (those that mature in more than one year). Capital marketThe market in which investors buy and sell shares of companies, normally associated with a Stock Exchange. Capital MarketA market that specializes in trading long-term, relatively high risk Capital MarketThe market in which savings are made available to those needing funds to undertake investment projects. A financial market in which longer-term (maturity greater than one year) bonds and stocks are traded. Capital market efficiencyReflects the relative amount of wealth wasted in making transactions. An efficient Capital market imperfections viewThe view that issuing debt is generally valuable but that the firm's Capital market line (CML)The line defined by every combination of the risk-free asset and the market portfolio. capital marketsmarkets for long-term financing. capital recoveryRefers to recouping, or regaining, invested capital over Cash flow coverage ratioThe number of times that financial obligations (for interest, principal payments, Cash marketsAlso called spot markets, these are markets that involve the immediate delivery of a security Cash TurnoverThe number of cash cycles completed in one year. Common marketAn agreement between two or more countries that permits the free movement of capital Common stock marketThe market for trading equities, not including preferred stock. Complete capital marketA market in which there is a distinct marketable security for each and every Corner A MarketTo purchase enough of the available supply of a commodity or stock in order to Counter tradeThe exchange of goods for other goods rather than for cash; barter. CountercyclicalFalling during expansions and rising during recessions. A countercyclical policy stimulates during a recession and contracts during an expansion. Counterpart itemsIn the balance of payments, counterpart items are analogous to unrequited transfers in the CounterpartiesThe parties to an interest rate swap. Counterparty Partyon the other side of a trade or transaction. Counterparty riskThe risk that the other party to an agreement will default. In an options contract, the risk CoverThe purchase of a contract to offset a previously established short position. Coverage ratiosRatios used to test the adequacy of cash flows generated through earnings for purposes of Coverdell Education IRAA form of individual retirement account whose earnings Covered callA short call option position in which the writer owns the number of shares of the underlying Covered call writing strategyA strategy that involves writing a call option on securities that the investor Covered interest arbitrageA portfolio manager invests dollars in an instrument denominated in a foreign Covered or hedge option strategiesStrategies that involve a position in an option as well as a position in the Covered PutA put option position in which the option writer also is short the corresponding stock or has Crossover rateThe return at which two alternative projects have the same net present value. Dealer marketA market where traders specializing in particular commodities buy and sell assets for their Debt marketThe market for trading debt instruments. Debt-service coverage ratioEarnings before interest and income taxes plus one-third rental charges, divided Derivative marketsmarkets for derivative instruments. Direct search marketBuyers and sellers seek each other directly and transact directly. DLOM (discount for lack of marketability)an amount or percentage deducted from an equity interest to reflect lack of marketability. Doctrine of sovereign immunityDoctrine that says a nation may not be tried in the courts of another country Domestic marketPart of a nation's internal market representing the mechanisms for issuing and trading Efficient capital marketA market in which new information is very quickly reflected accurately in share efficient capital marketsFinancial markets in which security prices rapidly reflect all relevant information about asset values. Efficient Market HypothesisIn general the hypothesis states that all relevant information is fully and Efficient Markets HypothesisThe hypothesis that securities are typically in equilibrium--that they are fairly priced in the sense that the price reflects all publicly available information on the security. Either-way marketIn the interbank Eurodollar deposit market, an either-way market is one in which the bid Emerging marketsThe financial markets of developing economies. Equilibrium market price of riskThe slope of the capital market line (CML). Since the CML represents the Equity marketRelated:Stock market Eurocurrency marketThe money market for borrowing and lending currencies that are held in the form of Excess return on the market portfolioThe difference between the return on the market portfolio and the External marketAlso referred to as the international market, the offshore market, or, more popularly, the Factory overheadAll the costs incurred during the manufacturing process, minus the Fair market priceAmount at which an asset would change hands between two parties, both having Fair market valueThe price that an asset or service will fetch on the open market. Fair Market ValueThe highest price available, expressed in terms of cash, in an open and unrestricted market between informed, prudent parties acting at arm's length and under no compulsion to transact. Farm Improvement and Marketing Cooperatives Loans ActSee here Federal funds marketThe market where banks can borrow or lend reserves, allowing banks temporarily Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC)Fed committee that makes decisions about open-market operations. Financial marketAn organized institutional structure or mechanism for creating and exchanging financial assets. financial marketsmarkets in which financial assets are traded. First To Die CoverageThis means that there are two or more life insured on the same policy but the death benefit is paid out on the first death only. If two or more persons at the same address are purchasing life insurance at the same time, it is wise to compare the cost of this kind of coverage with individual policies having a multiple policy discount. Fixed asset turnover ratioThe ratio of sales to fixed assets. Fixed Assets Turnover RatioA measure of the utilization of a company's fixed assets to Fixed-charge coverage ratioA measure of a firm's ability to meet its fixed-charge obligations: the ratio of Fixed Charge Coverage RatioA measure of how well a company is able to meet its fixed Fixed-income marketThe market for trading bonds and preferred stock. Fixed overheadThat portion of total overhead costs which remains constant in size fixed overhead spending variancethe difference between the total actual fixed overhead and budgeted fixed overhead; fixed overhead volume variancesee volume variance Foreign banking marketThat portion of domestic bank loans supplied to foreigners for use abroad. Foreign bond marketThat portion of the domestic bond market that represents issues floated by foreign Foreign equity marketThat portion of the domestic equity market that represents issues floated by foreign companies. Foreign Exchange MarketA worldwide market in which one country's currency is bought or sold in exchange for another country's currency. Foreign marketPart of a nation's internal market, representing the mechanisms for issuing and trading Foreign market betaA measure of foreign market risk that is derived from the capital asset pricing model. Forward coverPurchase or sale of forward foreign currency in order to offset a known future cash flow. Forward Exchange MarketA market in which foreign exchange can be bought or sold for delivery (and payment) at some specified future date but at a price agreed upon now. Forward marketA market in which participants agree to trade some commodity, security, or foreign Fourth marketDirect trading in exchange-listed securities between investors without the use of a broker. Futures marketA market in which contracts for future delivery of a commodity or a security are bought or sold. 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