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Financial Terms | |
Planning, programming and budgeting system (PPBS) |
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Definition of Planning, programming and budgeting system (PPBS)Planning, programming and budgeting system (PPBS)A method of budgeting in which budgets are allocated to projects or programmes rather than to responsibility centres.
Related Terms:Accelerated cost recovery system (ACRS)Schedule of depreciation rates allowed for tax purposes. Accounting systemA set of accounts that summarize the transactions of a business that have been recorded on source documents. Activity-based budgetingA method of budgeting that develops budgets based on expected activities and cost drivers – see also activity-based costing. activity-based budgeting (ABB)planning approach applying activity drivers to estimate the levels and costs of activities necessary to provide the budgeted quantity and actual cost systema valuation method that uses actual direct Aggregate planningA budgeting process using summary-level information to Automated storage/retrieval systemA racking system using automated systems ![]() budgetingthe process of formalizing plans and committing business intelligence (BI) systema formal process for gathering and analyzing information and producing intelligence to meet decision making needs; requires information about Capital budgetingThe process of choosing the firm's long-term capital assets. capital budgetingRefers generally to analysis procedures for ranking Capital BudgetingThe process of ranking and selecting investment alternatives and capital budgetinga process of evaluating an entity’s proposed Capital budgetingThe series of steps one follows when justifying the decision to purchase capital budgeting decisionDecision as to which real assets the firm should acquire. charge-back systema system using transfer prices; see transfer ![]() Clearing House Automated Payments System (CHAPS)A computerized clearing system for sterling funds Clearing House Interbank Payments System (CHIPS)An international wire transfer system for high-value continuous budgetinga process in which there is a rolling Corporate financial planningFinancial planning conducted by a firm that encompasses preparation of both cost control systema logical structure of formal and/or informal cost management system (CMS)a set of formal methods Du Pont systemA breakdown of ROE and ROA into component ratios. Dupont system of financial controlHighlights the fact that return on assets (ROA) can be expressed in terms Electronic Federal Tax Payment Systems (EFTPS)An electronic funds transfer system used by businesses to remit taxes to the government. enterprise resource planning (ERP) systema packaged software program that allows a company to Enterprise resource planning systemA computer system used to manage all company ![]() Estate PlanningAn insurance program designed to provide funds for insured's dependents upon death of the insured, and to also conserve, as much as possible, the personal assets that the insured wants to bequeath to heirs. European Monetary System (EMS)An exchange arrangement formed in 1979 that involves the currencies Federal Reserve SystemThe central bank of the U.S., established in 1913, and governed by the Federal Federal Reserve SystemThe central banking authority responsible for monetary policy in the United States. Financial planningThe process of evaluating the investing and financing options available to a firm. It flexible manufacturing system (FMS)a production system in which a single factory manufactures numerous variations Floor planningArrangement used to finance inventory. A finance company buys the inventory, which is then hybrid costing systema costing system combining characteristics Imputation tax systemArrangement by which investors who receive a dividend also receive a tax credit for Integer programmingVariant of linear programming whereby the solution values must be integers. integer programminga mathematical programming technique in which all solutions for variables must be restricted to whole numbers Interac systemCanada's bank machine and electronic debit system. If you use your bank card at a bank machine which displays the Interac symbol (and that bank machine is not your bank's machine), you will be charged a fee. job order costing systema system of product costing used Just-in-time inventory systemssystems that schedule materials/inventory to arrive exactly as they are just-in-time manufacturing systema production system that attempts to acquire components and produce inventory only as needed, to minimize product defects, and to Linear programmingTechnique for finding the maximum value of some equation subject to stated linear constraints. linear programminga method of mathematical programming used to solve a problem that involves an objective function and multiple limiting factors or constraints long-term variable cost a cost that was traditionally viewed as a fixed cost lock-box systemsystem whereby customers send payments to a post office box and a local bank collects and processes checks. MACRS (Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System)A depreciation method created by the IRS under the Tax Reform Act of 1986. Companies must use it to depreciate all plant and equipment assets installed after December 31, 1986 (for tax purposes). management control system (MCS)an information system that helps managers gather information about actual organizational occurrences, make comparisons against plans, management information system (MIS)a structure of interrelated elements that collects, organizes, and communicates Manufacturing resource planningAn integrated, computerized system for planning manufacturing resource planning (MRP II)a fully integrated materials requirement planning system that involves Manufacturing resource planning (MRP II)An expansion of the material requirements planning concept, with additional computer-based capabilities in the areas of Material requirements planningA computerized system used to calculate material Material requirements planning (MRP)A computer-driven production methodology Materials requirement planningComputer-based systems that plan backward from the production schedule materials requirements planning (MRP)a computerbased information system that simulates the ordering and Mathematical programmingAn operations research technique that solves problems in which an optimal mathematical programminga variety of techniques used Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System (MACRS)Depreciation method that allows higher tax deductions in early years and lower deductions later. Multirule systemA technical trading strategy that combines mechanical rules, such as the CRISMA Nonsystematic riskNonmarket or firm-specific risk factors that can be eliminated by diversification. Also normal cost systema valuation method that uses actual Overdraft Systemsystem whereby a depositor may write cheques in excess of the balance, with the bank automatically extending a loan to cover the shortage. performance management systema system reflecting the entire package of decisions regarding performance measurement and evaluation Periodic inventory systemAn inventory system in which the balance in the Inventory account is adjusted for the units sold only at the end of the period. Perpetual inventory systemAn inventory system in which the balance in the Inventory account is adjusted for the units sold each time a sale is made. planningthe process of creating the goals and objectives for Planning horizonThe length of time a model projects into the future. planning horizonTime horizon for a financial plan. PLUS systemA bank machine network outside Canada, across the U.S. and internationally. Customers who use a bank machine with a 'PLUS' symbol may be charged a fee. Price SystemSee market mechanism. process costing systema method of accumulating and assigning costs to units of production in companies producing large quantities of homogeneous products; program budgetingan approach to budgeting that relates Progressive tax systemA tax system wherein the average tax rate increases for some increases in income but pull systema production system dictated by product sales Pull systemA materials flow concept in which parts are only withdrawn after a push systemthe traditional production system in which Push systemA materials flow concept in which parts are issued based on planned red-line systeman inventory ordering system in which a red responsibility accounting systeman accounting information system for successively higher-level managers about the performance of segments or subunits under the control Split-rate tax systemA tax system that taxes retained earnings at a higher rate than earnings that are standard cost systema valuation method that uses predetermined strategic planningthe process of developing a statement of SystematicCommon to all businesses. Systematic riskAlso called undiversifiable risk or market risk, the minimum level of risk that can be Systematic RiskThe amount of total risk that cannot be eliminated by portfolio Systematic risk principleOnly the systematic portion of risk matters in large, well-diversified portfolios. systematic withdrawal planPlans offered by mutual fund companies that allow unitholders to receive payment from their investment at regular intervals. tactical planningthe process of determining the specific two-bin systeman inventory ordering system in which two Two-bin systemA system in which parts are reordered when their supply in one Two-tier tax systemA method of taxation in which the income going to shareholders is taxed twice. Unsystematic riskAlso called the diversifiable risk or residual risk. The risk that is unique to a company Unsystematic RiskThe amount of total risk that can be eliminated by diversification by Visual review systemInventory reordering based on a visual inspection of on-hand zero-base budgetinga comprehensive budgeting process Zero-based budgetingA method of budgeting that ignores historical budgetary allocations and identifies the costs that are necessary to implement agreed strategies. Zero-one integer programmingAn analytical method that can be used to determine the solution to a capital Related to : financial, finance, business, accounting, payroll, inventory, investment, money, inventory control, stock trading, financial advisor, tax advisor, credit. |