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Financial Terms | |
Net Present Value (NPV) Method |
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Definition of Net Present Value (NPV) MethodNet Present Value (NPV) MethodA method of ranking investment proposals. npv is equal to the present value of the future returns, discounted at the marginal cost of capital, minus the present value of the cost of the investment.
Related Terms:Account ValueThe sum of all the interest options in your policy, including interest. Accumulated ValueAn amount of money invested plus the interest earned on that money. Adjusted present value (APV)The net present value analysis of an asset if financed solely by equity algebraic methoda process of service department cost allocation Allowance methodA method of adjusting accounts receivable to the amount that is expected to be collected based on company experience. approximated net realizable value at split-off allocationa method of allocating joint cost to joint products using a Average-Cost Inventory MethodThe inventory cost-flow assumption that assigns the average ![]() Benefit Ratio MethodThe proportion of unemployment benefits paid to a company’s Benefit ValueThe amount of cash payable on a benefit. Benefit Wage Ratio MethodThe proportion of total taxable wages for laid off Bond valueWith respect to convertible bonds, the value the security would have if it were not convertible Book valueA company's book value is its total assets minus intangible assets and liabilities, such as debt. A BOOK VALUEAn asset’s cost basis minus accumulated depreciation. Book ValueThe value of an asset as carried on the balance sheet of a Book valueAn asset’s original cost, less any depreciation that has been subsequently incurred. book valuenet worth of the firm’s assets or liabilities according ![]() book value and book value per shareGenerally speaking, these terms BOOK VALUE OF COMMON STOCKThe theoretical amount per share that each stockholder would receive if a company’s assets were sold on the balance sheet’s date. Book value equals: Book value per shareThe ratio of stockholder equity to the average number of common shares. Book value Book Value per ShareThe book value of a company divided by the number of shares Bootstrapping, bootstrap methodAn arithmetic method for backing an business-value-added activityan activity that is necessary for the operation of the business but for which a customer would not want to pay CAPITAL IN EXCESS OF PAR VALUEWhat a company collected when it sold stock for more than the par value per share. Capitalization methodA method of constructing a replicating portfolio in which the manager purchases a Carrying valueBook value. Cash-surrender valueAn amount the insurance company will pay if the policyholder ends a whole life Cash Surrender ValueThis is the amount available to the owner of a life insurance policy upon voluntary termination of the policy before it becomes payable by the death of the life insured. This does not apply to term insurance but only to those policies which have reduced paid up values and cash surrender values. A cash surrender in lieu of death benefit usually has tax implications. Cash Surrender ValueBenefit that entitles a policy owner to an amount of money upon cancellation of a policy. Cash value added (CVA)A method of investment appraisal that calculates the ratio of the net present value of an Committee, AIMR Performance Presentation Standards Implementation CommitteeThe Association for Investment Management and Research (AIMR)'s Performance presentation Standards Implementation Completed-Contract MethodA contract accounting method that recognizes contract revenue Conversion valueAlso called parity value, the value of a convertible security if it is converted immediately. cost presentationthe approach to product costing that determines Current rate methodUnder this currency translation method, all foreign currency balance-sheet and income Direct estimate methodA method of cash budgeting based on detailed estimates of cash receipts and cash Direct methodA method of preparing the operating section of the Statement of Cash Flows that uses the company’s actual cash inflows and cash outflows. direct methoda service department cost allocation approach Direct-Method FormatA format for the operating section of the cash-flow statement that reports actual cash receipts and cash disbursements from operating activities. Direct write-off methodA method of adjusting accounts receivable to the amount that is expected to be collected by eliminating the account balances of specific nonpaying customers. dividend growth methoda method of computing the cost Economic Value Added (EVA)Operating profit, adjusted to remove distortions caused by certain accounting rules, less a charge economic value added (EVA)a measure of the extent to which income exceeds the dollar cost of capital; calculated economic value added (EVA)Term used by the consulting firm Stern Stewart for profit remaining after deduction of the cost Equity MethodAccounting method for an equity security in cases where the investor has sufficient European Monetary System (EMS)An exchange arrangement formed in 1979 that involves the currencies Exercise valueThe amount of advantage over a current market transaction provided by an in-the-money Exit valueThe value that an asset is expected to have at the time it is sold at a predetermined Expected valueThe weighted average of a probability distribution. Expected ValueThe value of the possible outcomes of a variable weighted by the Expected value of perfect informationThe expected value if the future uncertain outcomes could be known Exposure nettingOffsetting exposures in one currency with exposures in the same or another currency, Extraordinary positive valueA positive net present value. Face valueSee: Par value. Face ValueThe nominal value of a security. Also called the par value. Face valueThe maturity value of a security. Also known as par value, face valuePayment at the maturity of the bond. Also called par value or maturity value. Face ValueThe payoff value of a bond upon maturity. Also called par value. See principal. Face ValueThe nominal value which appears on the face of a document recording an entitlement, generally an amount of money that has to be repaid on the maturity of a debt instrument. Fair market valueThe price that an asset or service will fetch on the open market. Fair Market ValueThe highest price available, expressed in terms of cash, in an open and unrestricted market between informed, prudent parties acting at arm's length and under no compulsion to transact. Fair ValueThe amount at which an asset could be purchased or sold or a liability incurred or FIFO method (of process costing)the method of cost assignment that computes an average cost per equivalent Firm's net value of debtTotal firm value minus total firm debt. First in, first-out costing method (FIFO)A process costing methodology that assigns the earliest First-In, First-Out (FIFO) Inventory MethodThe inventory cost-flow assumption that Flow-through methodThe practice of reporting to shareholders using straight-line depreciation and Full-Cost MethodA method of accounting for petroleum exploration and development expenditures Future valueThe amount of cash at a specified date in the future that is equivalent in value to a specified Future ValueThe amount a given payment, or series of payments, will be worth future valuethe amount to which one or more sums of Future valueThe value that a sum of money (the present value) earning future valueAmount to which an investment will grow after earning interest. Future ValueThe amount to which a payment or series of payments will grow by a given future date when compounded by a given interest rate. FVIF future value interest factor. high-low methoda technique used to determine the fixed Indirect methodA method of preparing the operating section of the Statement of Cash Flows that does not use the company’s actual cash inflows and cash outflows, but instead arrives at the net cash flow by taking net income and adjusting it for noncash expenses and the changes from last year in the current assets and current liabilities. Indirect-Method FormatA format for the operating section of the cash-flow statement that International Monetary FundAn organization founded in 1944 to oversee exchange arrangements of International Monetary Fund (IMF)Organization originally established to manage the postwar fixed exchange rate system. International Monetary Market (IMM)A division of the CME established in 1972 for trading financial Internet business modela model that involves intraneta mechanism for sharing information and delivering data from corporate databases to the local-area network (LAN) desktops Intrinsic value of a firmThe present value of a firm's expected future net cash flows discounted by the Intrinsic value of an optionThe amount by which an option is in-the-money. An option which is not in-themoney Investment valueRelated:straight value. judgmental method (of risk adjustment)an informal method of adjusting for risk that allows the decision maker Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) Inventory MethodThe inventory cost-flow assumption that assigns the most recent inventory acquisition costs to cost of goods sold. The earliest inventory Liquidation valuenet amount that could be realized by selling the assets of a firm after paying the debt. Liquidation ValueThe net proceeds (after taxes and expenses) of selling the assets liquidation valuenet proceeds that would be realized by selling the firm’s assets and paying off its creditors. Loan valueThe amount a policyholder may borrow against a whole life insurance policy at the interest rate Log-linear least-squares methodA statistical technique for fitting a curve to a set of data points. One of the Market value1) The price at which a security is trading and could presumably be purchased or sold. Market valueThe price at which a product or service could be sold on the open market. Market ValueA quoted market price per unit times the number of units being valued. Synonymous market value addedMarket value of equity minus book value. market-value balance sheetFinancial statement that uses the market value of all assets and liabilities. Market value ratiosRatios that relate the market price of the firm's common stock to selected financial Market value-weighted indexAn index of a group of securities computed by calculating a weighted average Maturity valueRelated: par value. Related to : financial, finance, business, accounting, payroll, inventory, investment, money, inventory control, stock trading, financial advisor, tax advisor, credit. |