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Financial Terms | |
Enhancement |
Information about financial, finance, business, accounting, payroll, inventory, investment, money, inventory control, stock trading, financial advisor, tax advisor, credit.
Main Page: inventory control, payroll, finance, inventory, business, accounting, credit, stock trading, Also see related: home insurance, home financing, first time homebuyer, mortgage, real estate, insurance, buy home, homebuyer, property, |
Definition of EnhancementEnhancementAn innovation that has a positive impact on one or more of a firm's existing products.
Related Terms:Credit enhancementPurchase of the financial guarantee of a large insurance company to raise funds. attribute-based costing (ABC II)an extension of activitybased costing using cost-benefit analysis (based on increased customer utility) to choose the product attribute ABCsee activity-based costing ABC inventory classificationA method for dividing inventory into classifications, ABC TestA test used to determine the status of an employee under a state unemployment Absorption costingA method of costing in which all fixed and variable production costs are charged to products or services using an allocation base. absorption costinga cost accumulation and reporting ![]() Absorption costingA methodology under which all manufacturing costs are assigned Accidental Dismemberment: (Credit Insurance)Provides additional financial security should an insured person be dismembered or lose the use of a limb as the result of an accident. Activity-based budgetingA method of budgeting that develops budgets based on expected activities and cost drivers – see also activity-based costing. activity-based budgeting (ABB)planning approach applying activity drivers to estimate the levels and costs of activities necessary to provide the budgeted quantity and Activity-based costingA method of costing that uses cost pools to accumulate the cost of significant business activities and then assigns the costs from the cost pools to products or services based on cost drivers. activity based costing (ABC)A relatively new method advocated for the activity-based costing (ABC)a process using multiple cost drivers to predict and allocate costs to products and services; Activity-based costing (ABC)A cost allocation system that compiles costs and assigns activity-based management (ABM)a discipline that focuses on the activities incurred during the production/performance process as the way to improve the value received ![]() Amortization (Credit Insurance)Refers to the reduction of debt by regular payments of interest and principal in order to pay off a loan by maturity. Asset-based financingMethods of financing in which lenders and equity investors look principally to the Asset-Based FinancingLoans granted usually by a financial institution where the asset being financed constitutes the sole security given to the lender. Attribute biasThe tendency of stocks preferred by the dividend discount model to share certain equity backflush costinga streamlined cost accounting method that speeds up, simplifies, and reduces accounting effort in an environment that minimizes inventory balances, requires Beneficiary (Credit Insurance)The person or party designated to receive proceeds entitled by a benefit. Payment of a benefit is triggered by an event. In the case of credit insurance, the beneficiary will always be the creditor. Best-interests-of-creditors testThe requirement that a claim holder voting against a plan of reorganization Borrower (Credit Insurance)A consumer who borrows money from a lender. Commercial Business Loan (Credit Insurance)An agreement between a creditor and a borrower, where the creditor has loaned an amount to the borrower for business purposes. Comparative credit analysisA method of analysis in which a firm is compared to others that have a desired Consumer creditcredit granted by a firm to consumers for the purchase of goods or services. Also called ![]() Consumer Credit Protection ActA federal Act specifying the proportion of CreditMoney loaned. CreditBuying or selling goods or services now with the intention of payment following at some time in CreditOne side of a journal entry, usually depicted as the right side. CreditA rating of a company's credit (ability to payback debt), usually by a third party credit agency. creditOn your bank statement, 'credit' represents funds that you have deposited into your account. The opposite of a credit is a debit. Credit analysisThe process of analyzing information on companies and bond issues in order to estimate the credit analysisProcedure to determine the likelihood a customer will pay its bills. credit bureauAn organization that provides financial institutions with credit information concerning existing or potential customers who are looking to obtain credit services. credit cardA revolving source of credit with a pre-established limit. You have to pay interest on a credit card if you have an outstanding balance. Credit CrunchA decline in the ability or willingness of banks to lend. Credit LossA loan receivable that has proven uncollectible and is written off. credit memoA record of the funds which have been credited to your account. Credit periodThe length of time for which the customer is granted credit. credit policyStandards set to determine the amount and nature of credit to extend to customers. Credit RationingRestriction of loans by lenders so that not all borrowers willing to pay the current interest rate are able to obtain loans. Credit riskThe risk that an issuer of debt securities or a borrower may default on his obligations, or that the Credit RiskFinancial and moral risk that an obligation will not be paid and a loss will result. Credit scoringA statistical technique wherein several financial characteristics are combined to form a single Credit spreadRelated:Quality spread Credit TermsConditions under which credit is extended by a lender to a borrower. Credit Unioncredit unions are community based financial co-operatives and most offer a full range of services. All are owned and controlled by members who are also shareholders. credit unions are regulated provincially and insured by a stabilization fund, deposit insurance or guarantee corporation. Crediting rateThe interest rate offered on an investment type insurance policy. CreditorLender of money. CreditorPerson or business that is owed money. Creditor (Credit Insurance)A lender or lending institution that offers financing and loans to a borrower, for the purpose of acquiring a commodity. Creditor Proof ProtectionThe creditor proof status of such things as life insurance, non-registered life insurance investments, life insurance RRSPs and life insurance RRIFs make these attractive products for high net worth individuals, professionals and business owners who may have creditor concerns. Under most circumstances the creditor proof rules of the different provincial insurance acts take priority over the federal bankruptcy rules. CreditorsPurchases of goods or services from suppliers on credit to whom the debt is not yet paid. Or a Critical Illness Insurance (Credit Insurance)Coverage that provides a lump-sum payment should you become seriously ill with a specified illness. The payment is made to your creditors to pay off your debt owing. Debt (Credit Insurance)Money, goods or services that someone is obligated to pay someone else in accordance with an expressed or implied agreement. Debt may or may not be secured. Demand line of creditA bank line of credit that enables a customer to borrow on a daily or on-demand basis. direct costingsee variable costing Direct costingA costing methodology that only assigns direct labor and material costs Disability Insurance (Credit Insurance)Group Insurance designed to cover monthly obligations due to a borrower being unable to work due to sickness or injury. Equity-based insuranceLife insurance or annuity product in which the cash value and benefit level fluctuate according to the performance of an equity portfolio. EurocreditsIntermediate-term loans of Eurocurrencies made by banking syndicates to corporate and Evergreen creditRevolving credit without maturity. Export Credit InsuranceThe granting of insurance to cover the commercial and political risks of selling in foreign markets. Federal credit agenciesAgencies of the federal government set up to supply credit to various classes of FIFO method (of process costing)the method of cost assignment that computes an average cost per equivalent First in, first-out costing method (FIFO)A process costing methodology that assigns the earliest Five Cs of creditFive characteristics that are used to form a judgement about a customer's creditworthiness: Foreign tax creditHome country credit against domestic income tax for foreign taxes paid on foreign Formalized Line of CreditA contractual commitment to make loans to a particular borrower up to a specified maximum during a specified period, usually one year. full costingsee absorption costing Full Credit PeriodThe period of trade credit given by a supplier to its customer. Full faith-and-credit obligationsThe security pledges for larger municipal bond issuers, such as states and GNMA-IIMortgage-backed securities (MBS) on which registered holders receive an aggregate principal and hybrid costing systema costing system combining characteristics Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (IIRIRA)A federal Act shielding employers from liability if they have made Insurance Policy (Credit Insurance)A policy under which the insurance company promises to pay a benefit of the person who is insured. Investment tax creditProportion of new capital investment that can be used to reduce a company's tax bill Investment Tax CreditA reduction in taxes offered to firms to induce them to increase investment spending. Job costingA method of accounting that accumulates the costs of a product/service that is produced either Job Loss Insurance (Credit Insurance)Coverage that can pay down your debt should you become involuntarily unemployed. The payment is made to your creditors to reduce your debt owing. job order costing systema system of product costing used Kaizen costingThe process of continual cost reduction that occurs after a product Lease (Credit Insurance)Contract granting use of real estate, equipment or other fixed assets for a specified period of time in exchange for payment. The owner or a leased property is the lessor and the user the lessee. Lender (Credit Insurance)Individual or firm that extends money to a borrower with the expectation of being repaid, usually with interest. Lenders create debt in the form of loans. Lenders include financial institutions, leasing companies government lending agencies and automobile dealers. Letter of credit (L/C)A form of guarantee of payment issued by a bank used to guarantee the payment of Letters of CreditA letter of credit is a guarantee of payment by a bank (issuing institution)to a third party for a specific amount of money, if certain conditions are met. life cycle costingthe accumulation of costs for activities that Life Insurance (Credit Insurance)Group Term life insurance that pays or reduces the balance due on a loan if the borrower dies before the loan is repaid. Lifecycle costingAn approach to costing that estimates and accumulates the costs of a product/service over Line of credit An informal arrangement between a bank and a customer establishing a maximum loan Line of creditAn informal arrangement between a bank and a customer establishing a maximum loan line of creditAgreement by a bank that a company may borrow at any time up to an established limit. Line of CreditAn agreement negotiated between a borrower and a lender which establishes the maximum amount against which a borrower may draw. The agreement also sets out other conditions, such as how and when money borrowed against the line of credit is to be repaid. line of creditA revolving source of credit with a pre-established limit. You access the funds only as you need them, and any amount that you pay back becomes accessible to you again. Unlike a personal loan, a line of credit permits you to write cheques and make bank machine withdrawals, and requires you to pay interest only on the funds that you actually use. manufacturing resource planning (MRP II)a fully integrated materials requirement planning system that involves Manufacturing resource planning (MRP II)An expansion of the material requirements planning concept, with additional computer-based capabilities in the areas of MM's proposition IIThe required rate of return on equity increases as the firm’s debt-equity ratio increases. modified FIFO method (of process costing)the method of cost assignment that uses FIFO to compute a cost per Related to : financial, finance, business, accounting, payroll, inventory, investment, money, inventory control, stock trading, financial advisor, tax advisor, credit. |