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Financial Terms | |
Distributions |
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Definition of DistributionsDistributionsPayments from fund or corporate cash flow. May include dividends from earnings, capital
Related Terms:annual returnThe fund return, for any 12-month period, including changes in unit value and the reinvestment of distributions, but not taking into account sales, redemption, distribution or other optional charges or income taxes payable by any unitholder that would reduce returns. Dollar returnThe return realized on a portfolio for any evaluation period, including (1) the change in market Geometric mean returnAlso called the time weighted rate of return, a measure of the compounded rate of Lognormal distributionA distribution where the logarithm of the variable follows a normal distribution. Par valueThe stated value of a stock, which is recorded in the capital stock account. Preferred stockA type of stock that usually pays a fixed dividend prior to any distributions Retained earningsA company’s accumulated earnings since its inception, less any distributions to shareholders. ![]() ReturnThe change in the value of a portfolio over an evaluation period, including any distributions made Abnormal returnsPart of the return that is not due to systematic influences (market wide influences). In Absolute Right of ReturnGoods may be returned to the seller by the purchaser without restrictions. Accounting rate of return (ARR)A method of investment appraisal that measures accounting rate of return (ARR)the rate of earnings obtained on the average capital investment over the life of a capital project; computed as average annual profits divided by average investment; not based on cash flow After-tax real rate of returnMoney after-tax rate of return minus the inflation rate. Annual fund operating expensesFor investment companies, the management fee and "other expenses," Annual percentage rate (APR)The periodic rate times the number of periods in a year. For example, a 5% annual percentage rate (APR)Interest rate that is annualized using simple interest. ![]() Annual percentage yield (APY)The effective, or true, annual rate of return. The APY is the rate actually Annual PremiumYearly amount payable by a client for a policy or component. Annual reportYearly record of a publicly held company's financial condition. It includes a description of the Annual ReportThe report required by the Stock Exchange for all listed companies, containing the company’s financial statements. Annual reportA report issued to a company’s shareholders, creditors, and regulatory Annualized gainIf stock X appreciates 1.5% in one month, the annualized gain for that sock over a twelve Annualized holding period returnThe annual rate of return that when compounded t times, would have Arithmetic average (mean) rate of returnArithmetic mean return. Arithmetic mean returnAn average of the subperiod returns, calculated by summing the subperiod returns Average accounting returnThe average project earnings after taxes and depreciation divided by the average Average rate of return (ARR)The ratio of the average cash inflow to the amount invested. ![]() book rate of returnAccounting income divided by book value. Book ReturnsBook yield is the investment income earned in a year on a portfolio of assets purchased over a number of years and at different interest rates, divided by the book value of those assets. CARs (cumulative abnormal returns)a measure used in academic finance articles to measure the excess returns an investor would have received over a particular time period if he or she were invested in a particular stock. Constant dollar accountingA method for restating financial statements by reducing or Constant dollarsSee real dollars. Cumulative abnormal return (CAR)Sum of the differences between the expected return on a stock and the Current DollarsA variable like GDP is measured in current dollars if each year's value is measured in prices prevailing during that year. In contrast, when measured in real or constant dollars, each year's value is measured in a base year's prices. Dollar bondsMunicipal revenue bonds for which quotes are given in dollar prices. Not to be confused with Dollar Cost AveragingA way of smoothing out your investment deposits by investing regularly. Instead of making one large deposit a year into your RRSP, you make smaller regular monthly deposits. If you are buying units in a mutual fund or segregated equity fund, you would end up buying more units in the month that values were low and less units in the month that values were higher. By spreading out your purchases, you don't have to worry about buying at the right time. dollar days (of inventory)a measurement of the value of inventory for the time that inventory is held Dollar durationThe product of modified duration and the initial price. Dollar price of a bondPercentage of face value at which a bond is quoted. Dollar rollSimilar to the reverse repurchase agreement - a simultaneous agreement to sell a security held in a Dollar safety marginThe dollar equivalent of the safety cushion for a portfolio in a contingent immunization Dollar-weighted rate of returnAlso called the internal rate of return, the interest rate that will make the Effective annual interest rateAn annual measure of the time value of money that fully reflects the effects of effective annual interest rateInterest rate that is annualized using compound interest. Effective annual yieldannualized interest rate on a security computed using compound interest techniques. Effective Annual Yieldannualized rate of return on a security computed using compound Equivalent annual annuityThe equivalent amount per year for some number of years that has a present Equivalent annual benefitThe equivalent annual annuity for the net present value of an investment project. Equivalent annual cash flowAnnuity with the same net present value as the company's proposed investment. Equivalent annual costThe equivalent cost per year of owning an asset over its entire life. equivalent annual costThe cost per period with the same present value as the cost of buying and operating a machine. EurodollarThis is an American dollar that has been deposited in a European bank or an U.S. bank branch Eurodollar bondsEurobonds denominated in U.S.dollars. eurodollarsdollars held on deposit in a bank outside the United States. EurodollarsDeposits denominated in U.S. dollars but held in banks located outside the United States, such as in Canada or France. Ex post returnRelated: Holding period return Exante returnThe expected return of a portfolio based on the expected returns of its component assets and Excess return on the market portfolioThe difference between the return on the market portfolio and the Excess returnsAlso called abnormal returns, returns in excess of those required by some asset pricing model. Expected future returnThe return that is expected to be earned on an asset in the future. Also called the Expected returnThe return expected on a risky asset based on a probability distribution for the possible rates Expected ReturnThe total amount of money (return) an investor anticipates to receive from an investment. Expected return-beta relationshipImplication of the CAPM that security risk premiums will be Expected return on investmentThe return one can expect to earn on an investment. See: capital asset Fixed-dollar obligationsConventional bonds for which the coupon rate is set as a fixed percentage of the par value. Fixed-dollar securityA nonnegotiable debt security that can be redeemed at some fixed price or according to Geometric mean returnAlso called the time weighted rate of return, a measure of the compounded rate of Holding period returnThe rate of return over a given period. Horizon returnTotal return over a given horizon. Incremental internal rate of returnIRR on the incremental investment from choosing a large project Internal rate of returndollar-weighted rate of return. Discount rate at which net present value (NPV) Internal rate of return a. The average annual yield earned by an investment during the period held. Internal rate of returnThe rate of return at which the present value of a series of future Internal rate of return (IRR)A discounted cash flow technique used for investment appraisal that calculates the effective cost of capital that produces a net present value of zero from a series of future cash flows and an internal rate of return (IRR)The precise discount rate that makes the Internal Rate of Return (IRR)The discount rate that equates the present value of the net cash internal rate of return (IRR)the expected or actual rate of internal rate of return (IRR)Discount rate at which project NPV = 0. Inventory returnsInventory returned from a customer for any reason. This receipt Leveraged required returnThe required return on an investment when the investment is financed partially by debt. Market returnThe return on the market portfolio. Money rate of returnannual money return as a percentage of asset value. Multiple rates of returnMore than one rate of return from the same project that make the net present value Nominal annual rateAn effective rate per period multiplied by the number of periods in a year. Portfolio internal rate of returnThe rate of return computed by first determining the cash flows for all the Purchase returnsA contra account that reduces purchases by the amount of items purchased that were subsequently returned. rate of returnTotal income per period per dollar invested. Rate of Returnreturn on invested capital (calculated as a percentage). Often an investor has, as one of their investment criteria, a minimum acceptable rate of return on an acquisition. RATE OF RETURN ON STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITYThe percentage return or profit that management made on each dollar stockholders invested in a company. Here’s how you figure it: RATE OF RETURN ON TOTAL ASSETSThe percentage return or profit that management made on each dollar of assets. The formula is: Rate of return ratiosRatios that are designed to measure the profitability of the firm in relation to various Realized returnThe return that is actually earned over a given time period. Required returnThe minimum expected return you would require to be willing to purchase the asset, that is, ReturnThe change in the value of a portfolio over an evaluation period, including any distributions made ReturnSee yield. return of capitalthe recovery of the original investment (or principal) in a project Return on assets (ROA)Indicator of profitability. Determined by dividing net income for the past 12 months return on assets (ROA)Although there is no single uniform practice for return on capitalincome; it is equal to the rate of return multiplied by the amount of the investment Return on capital employed (ROCE)The operating profit before interest and tax as a percentage of the total shareholders’ funds plus Return on Common Equity RatioA measure of the percentage return earned on the value of the Return on equity (ROE)Indicator of profitability. Determined by dividing net income for the past 12 return on equity (ROE)This key ratio, expressed as a percent, equals net return on investmenta ratio that relates income generated Return on investment (ROI)Generally, book income as a proportion of net book value. RETURN ON INVESTMENT (ROI)In its most basic form, the rate of return equals net income divided by the amount of money invested. It can be applied to a particular product or piece of equipment, or to a business as a whole. 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