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Financial Terms | |
Asset/liability management |
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Definition of Asset/liability managementAsset/liability managementAlso called surplus management, the task of managing funds of a financial
Related Terms:Abusive Earnings ManagementThe use of various forms of gimmickry to distort a company's true financial performance in order to achieve a desired result. Abusive Earnings ManagementA characterization used by the Securities and Exchange Acquisition of assetsA merger or consolidation in which an acquirer purchases the selling firm's assets. activity-based management (ABM)a discipline that focuses on the activities incurred during the production/performance process as the way to improve the value received AssetAny possession that has value in an exchange. AssetA resource, recorded through a transaction, that is expected to yield a benefit to a AssetSomething that is owned; a financial claim or a piece of property that is a store of value. ![]() AssetProbable future economic benefit that is obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of assetAnything owned by, or owed to, an individual or business which has commercial or exchange value (e.g., cash, property, etc.). AssetAll things of value owned by an individual or organization. Asset activity ratiosRatios that measure how effectively the firm is managing its assets. Asset allocation decisionThe decision regarding how an institution's funds should be distributed among the Asset-Backed SecuritiesBond or note secured by assets of company. Asset-backed securityA security that is collateralized by loans, leases, receivables, or installment contracts Asset-based financingMethods of financing in which lenders and equity investors look principally to the Asset-Based FinancingLoans granted usually by a financial institution where the asset being financed constitutes the sole security given to the lender. Asset classesCategories of assets, such as stocks, bonds, real estate and foreign securities. Asset CoverageExtent to which a company's net assets cover a particular debt obligation, class of preferred stock, or equity position. Asset-coverage testA bond indenture restriction that permits additional borrowing on if the ratio of assets to Asset/equity ratioThe ratio of total assets to stockholder equity. Asset for asset swapCreditors exchange the debt of one defaulting borrower for the debt of another asset mixThe weighting of assets in an investment portfolio among different asset classes (e.g. shares, bonds, property, cash, overseas investments. Asset pricing modelA model for determining the required rate of return on an asset. Asset pricing modelA model, such as the Capital asset Pricing Model (CAPM), that determines the required Asset-specific RiskThe amount of total risk that can be eliminated by diversification by Asset substitutionA firm's investing in assets that are riskier than those that the debtholders expected. Asset substitution problemArises when the stockholders substitute riskier assets for the firm's existing Asset swapAn interest rate swap used to alter the cash flow characteristics of an institution's assets so as to Asset turnoverThe ratio of net sales to total assets. asset turnovera ratio measuring asset productivity and showing the number of sales dollars generated by each dollar of assets asset turnover ratioA broad-gauge ratio computed by dividing annual AssetsA firm's productive resources. ASSETSAnything of value that a company owns. AssetsThings that the business owns. AssetsItems owned by the company or expenses that have been paid for but have not been used up. Assets requirementsA common element of a financial plan that describes projected capital spending and the Bottom-up equity management styleA management style that de-emphasizes the significance of economic capital assetan asset used to generate revenues or cost savings Capital assetA fixed asset, something that is expected to have long-term usage within Capital asset pricing model (CAPM)An economic theory that describes the relationship between risk and Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)A model for estimating equilibrium rates of return and values of capital asset pricing model (CAPM)Theory of the relationship between risk and return which states that the expected risk Capitalized Cost An expenditure or accrual that is reported as an asset to be amortized againstfuture-period revenue. Cash management billVery short maturity bills that the Treasury occasionally sells because its cash Certified Management Accountant (CMA)a professional designation in the area of management accounting that Contingent LiabilityAn obligation that is dependent on the occurrence or nonoccurrence of Contingent pension liabilityUnder ERISA, the firm is liable to the plan participants for up to 39% of the net Contra-asset accountAn offset to an asset account that reduces the balance of the asset account. Corporate financial managementThe application of financial principals within a corporation to create and cost management system (CMS)a set of formal methods Current assetTypically the cash, accounts receivable, and inventory accounts on the Current assetsValue of cash, accounts receivable, inventories, marketable securities and other assets that Current assetsCash, things that will be converted into cash within a year (such as accounts receivable), and inventory. Current assetsAmounts receivable by the business within a period of 12 months, including bank, debtors, inventory and prepayments. current assetsCurrent refers to cash and those assets that will be turned Current AssetsCash and other company assets that can be readily turned into cash within one year. Current liabilityThis is typically the accounts payable, short-term notes payable, and Deferred Tax AssetFuture tax benefit that results from (1) the origination of a temporary difference Deferred Tax LiabilityFuture tax obligation that results from the origination of a temporary Demand Management PolicyFiscal or monetary policy designed to influence aggregate demand for goods and services. Dynamic asset allocationAn asset allocation strategy in which the asset mix is mechanistically shifted in Earnings ManagementThe active manipulation of earnings toward a predetermined target. Exchange of assetsAcquisition of another company by purchase of its assets in exchange for cash or stock. Financial assetsClaims on real assets. financial assetsClaims to the income generated by real assets. Also called securities. Fixed assetLong-lived property owned by a firm that is used by a firm in the production of its income. Fixed assetAn item with a longevity greater than one year, and which exceeds a company’s Fixed asset turnover ratioThe ratio of sales to fixed assets. Fixed assetsThings that the business owns and are part of the business infrastructure – fixed assets may be fixed assetsAn informal term that refers to the variety of long-term operating Fixed AssetsLand, buildings, plant, equipment, and other assets acquired for carrying on the business of a company with a life exceeding one year. Normally expressed in financial accounts at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Fixed Assets Turnover RatioA measure of the utilization of a company's fixed assets to Institute of Management Accountants (IMA)an organization composed of individuals interested in the field of management accounting; it coordinates the Certified management Intangible assetA legal claim to some future benefit, typically a claim to future cash. Goodwill, intellectual Intangible assetA nonphysical asset with a life greater than one year. Examples are Intangible assetsassets owned by the company that do not possess physical substance; they usually take the form of rights and privileges such as patents, copyrights, and franchises. Intangible fixed assetsNon-physical assets, e.g. customer goodwill or intellectual property (patents and trademarks). LiabilityA financial obligation, or the cash outlay that must be made at a specific time to satisfy the LiabilityA dollar amount of obligation payable to another entity. LiabilityA probable future sacrifice of economic benefits arising from present obligations of Liability funding strategiesInvestment strategies that select assets so that cash flows will equal or exceed Liability swapAn interest rate swap used to alter the cash flow characteristics of an institution's liabilities so Limitation on asset dispositionsA bond covenant that restricts in some way a firm's ability to sell major assets. Limited liabilityLimitation of possible loss to what has already been invested. limited liabilityThe owners of the corporation are not personally responsible for its obligations. limited liability companyan organizational form that is a hybrid of the corporate and partnership organizational Limited-liability instrumentA security, such as a call option, in which the owner can only lose his initial Limited-liability instrumentA security, such as a call option, in which the owner can only lose his initial investment. limited liability partnershipan organizational form that is a hybrid of the corporate and partnership organizational Liquid assetasset that is easily and cheaply turned into cash - notably cash itself and short-term securities. Long-term assetsValue of property, equipment and other capital assets minus the depreciation. This is an Longer-Term Fixed Assetsassets having a useful life greater than one year but the duration of the 'long term' will vary with the context in which the term is applied. Managementmanagement refers to the individuals in an entity that have the authority and the responsibility to manage the entity. The positions of these individuals, and their titles, vary from one entity to another and, to some extent, from one country to another depending on the local laws and customs. Thus, when the context requires it, the term includes the board of directors or committees of the board which are designated to oversee certain matters (e.g., audit committee). Management accountingThe production of financial and non-financial information used in planning for the future; making decisions about products, services, prices and what costs to incur; and ensuring that plans are implemented and achieved. management accountinga discipline that includes almost Management Accounting Guidelines (MAGs)pronouncements of the Society of management Accountants of Management buyout (MBO)Leveraged buyout whereby the acquiring group is led by the firm's management. management buyout (MBO)Acquisition of the firm by its own management in a leveraged buyout. Management/closely held sharesPercentage of shares held by persons closely related to a company, as Related to : financial, finance, business, accounting, payroll, inventory, investment, money, inventory control, stock trading, financial advisor, tax advisor, credit. |